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Objective:To explore the influence of health education based on Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills (IMB) model on the self-management of fistula in patients with autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) plasty.Methods:A total of 112 patients undergoing AVF plasty from October 2020 to October 2021 were selected and divided into 2 equal group by the random number table method. The control group used usual care and health education. The observation group implemented a health education intervention based on the IMB model .Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to compare the difference of self-efficacy, self-management ability of AVF between before, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after intervention.Results:Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups about the scores of AVF scale and the general self-efficacy scale (all P>0.05). After 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks of intervention, the total scores of Self-management ability of AVF were (56.27 ± 6.12), (64.51 ± 4.40) and (73.53 ± 3.60), which were significant higher than those of in the control group (49.38 ± 4.50), (57.93 ± 6.70) and (59.36 ± 5.28)( t=6.73, 6.06, 16.44, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Health education based on IMB model can improve the self-management ability and self-efficacy of patients undergoing AVF plasty with a more long-term impact on patients.
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@# Despite advancement of treatment modalities, Tuberculosis (TB) treatment interruption rate has globally accelerating, calling for greater framework shifting towards psychosocial intervention. Similarly, Selangor state had reported the perturbing TB treatment interruption rate, which was figured persistently above 10% in the interval year of 2014 to 2018, thus signifies an empirical assessment on Information-Motivation-Behavioural skills (IMB) determinants of TB intensive phase treatment. This study aims to determine the time to intensive phase TB treatment interruption and its prognostic factors among newly diagnosed pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) smear positive patients in urban district Selangor. Methods: A multi-centric prospective cohort study will recruit 695 newly diagnosed PTB smear positive patients at treatment centres in urban districts, Selangor. This study will utilize validated self-administered questionnaire and standardised data collection form (PROFORMA). At baseline, we will elicit information on IMB models constructs, additionally on socio-demographics, health service factors and clinical characteristics. Meanwhile, four points follow up will be executed to retrieve information on treatment status and time varying effects of body weight, treatment side effects, symptoms improvement and internalised stigma. Finally, survival analysis will be computed to identify the time to intensive phase treatment interruption and its prognostic factors. Conclusion: This study will enlighten IMB model determinants of intensive phase treatment interruption, hence to endeavour psychosocial elements in designing time relevant public health strategies in TB case management. Tuberculosis; Treatment interruption; Survival; Time to event analysis; IMB model
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IMB5046 is a newly discovered nitrobenzoate functioning as a microtubule inhibitor. Here we report its synthesis and in vitro anti-angiogenic activity. IMB5046 was synthesized by conjugation of 2-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitrobenzoic acid with 4-(methylthio)benzyl alcohol via two-step reactions. The structure of the end product was verified using 1H NMR and HR-MS spectroscopy. The effect of these compounds on cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay, and their impact on cytoskeleton was investigated using fluorescence assay. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the effect of IMB5046 on cell cycle. Cell wound scratch assay and Transwell assay were performed to examine cell migration. Endothelial tube formation assay was used to evaluate the anti-angiogenic activity of IMB5046. The results indicated that IMB5046 induced endothelial cell contraction and microtubule depolymerization, and inhibited the proliferation of endothelial cells and tumor cells, while two raw materials showed no obvious effects. IMB5046 arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase, even at low-cytotoxic concentrations it significantly inhibited the motility of endothelial cells. IMB5046 inhibited the tube formation of endothelial cells according to the number of tubes and junctions. In conclusion, IMB5046 is a promising microtubule-targeting drug with anti-angiogenic activity.
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BACKGROUND@#Currently, it is recognized that water polluted with toxic heavy metal ions may cause serious effects on human health. Therefore, the development of new materials for effective removal of heavy metal ions from water is still a widely important area. Melanin is being considered as a potential material for removal of heavy metal from water.@*METHODS@#In this study, we synthesized two melanin-embedded beads from two different melanin powder sources and named IMB (Isolated Melanin Bead originated from squid ink sac) and CMB (Commercial Melanin Bead originated from sesame seeds). These beads were of globular shape and 2-3 mm in diameter. We investigated and compared the sorption abilities of these two bead materials toward hexavalent-chromium (Cr) in water. The isotherm sorption curves were established using Langmuir and Freundlich models in the optimized conditions of pH, sorption time, solid/liquid ratio, and initial concentration of Cr. The FITR analysis was also carried out to show the differences in surface properties of these two beads.@*RESULTS@#The optimized conditions for isotherm sorption of Cr on IMB/CMB were set at pH values of 2/2, sorption times of 90/300 min, and solid-liquid ratios of 10/20 mg/mL. The maximum sorption capacities calculated based on the Langmuir model were 19.60 and 6.24 for IMB and CMB, respectively. However, the adsorption kinetic of Cr on the beads fitted the Freundlich model with R values of 0.992 for IMB and 0.989 for CMB. The deduced Freundlich constant, 1/n, in the range of 0.2-0.8 indicated that these beads are good adsorption materials. In addition, structure analysis data revealed great differences in physical and chemical properties between IMB and CMB. Interestingly, FTIR analysis results showed strong signals of -OH (3295.35 cm) and -C=O (1608.63 cm) groups harboring on the IMB but not CMB. Moreover, loading of Cr on the IMB caused a shift of broad peaks from 3295.35 cm and 1608.63 cm to 3354.21 cm and 1597.06 cm, respectively, due to -OH and -C=O stretching.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Taken together, our study suggests that IMB has great potential as a bead material for the elimination of Cr from aqueous solutions and may be highly useful for water treatment applications.
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Adsorption , Chromium , Chemistry , Kinetics , Melanins , Chemistry , Waste Disposal, Fluid , Methods , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Chemistry , Water Pollution, Chemical , Water Purification , MethodsABSTRACT
Objective·To explore the influencing factors and pathways of clinicians' tumor marker prescription behavior in lung diseases,so as to find out the methods and measures to promote clinicians to optimize the tumor marker prescription.Methods · From July 24,2017 to August 10,2017,clinicians with willingness and the right of prescription mainly from hospitals in Shanghai and Beijing were invited to participate in survey on influencing factors of tumor marker prescription behavior in lung diseases.Based on the classical theoretical framework of IMB model,an IMB theoretical model of clinicians' tumor marker detection behavior was proposed.Statistical description and correlation analysis were performed by SPSS 24.0,and the IMB theoretical model was validated and corrected by AMOS 24.0.Results· The personal intention (r=0.251,P=0.000) and personal interest protection (r=0.178,P=0.007) had a significant positive correlation with information.Meanwhile,the personal intention (P=0.000) and personal interest protection (P=0.013) had a significant positive effect on behavioral skills,and the behavioral skills had a significant positive effect on tumor marker prescription behavior (P=0.000).There was no direct effect of information on behavioral skills,and motivation had no direct effect on tumor marker prescription behavior.Behavioral skills played a mediating role in the process of motivation influencing the tumor marker prescription behavior.Conclusion· The large percentage of irrational tumor marker prescription in lung diseases suggests the universality of inappropriate testing,which needs the joint efforts of governments,hospitals,clinicians and patients on improvement.
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Objective: To explore the influencing factors and pathways of clinicians' tumor marker prescription behavior in lung diseases, so as to find out the methods and measures to promote clinicians to optimize the tumor marker prescription. Methods: From July 24, 2017 to August 10, 2017, clinicians with willingness and the right of prescription mainly from hospitals in Shanghai and Beijing were invited to participate in survey on influencing factors of tumor marker prescription behavior in lung diseases. Based on the classical theoretical framework of IMB model, an IMB theoretical model of clinicians' tumor marker detection behavior was proposed. Statistical description and correlation analysis were performed by SPSS 24.0, and the IMB theoretical model was validated and corrected by AMOS 24.0. Results: The personal intention (r=0.251, P=0.000) and personal interest protection (r=0.178, P=0.007) had a significant positive correlation with information. Meanwhile, the personal intention (P=0.000) and personal interest protection (P=0.013) had a significant positive effect on behavioral skills, and the behavioral skills had a significant positive effect on tumor marker prescription behavior (P=0.000). There was no direct effect of information on behavioral skills, and motivation had no direct effect on tumor marker prescription behavior. Behavioral skills played a mediating role in the process of motivation influencing the tumor marker prescription behavior. Conclusion: The large percentage of irrational tumor marker prescription in lung diseases suggests the universality of inappropriate testing, which needs the joint efforts of governments, hospitals, clinicians and patients on improvement.
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Immobilization is a method used for the preservation of enzymes as this method provides enhanced resistance to the changes in certain environmental conditions like pH/temperature. The advantage of immobilization (IMB) of live bacterial cells is especially high due to their role in environmental monitoring due to their low cost, easy handling and high sensitivity to the environment. Through our project we tried to show that this method of IMB is effective in the preservation of microorganisms. We used natural dyes during the course of our project which were extracted from grinding of fruits and vegetables such as pomegranate, beetroot and carrot. We used Sodium Alginate beads so that there were a good number of beads formed that helped for the proper entrapment of microorganisms E. coli and bacillus for future use. Natural dyes were chosen over synthetic dyes due to their environmental friendliness, cost effectiveness and less complexity. To confirm if the method had been effective, we prepared a growth curve to check the growth of the microorganism and found out that this method could be used to store the microbes for a month’s duration.
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Objective:To analyze the influential factors on the medication compliance of the patients with diabetes, and investigate the measures to improve it.Method:A total of 200 patients were investigated with questionnaires and interview in the study.Result:There was no significant difference in the compliance among the patients with different sexes, ages and payment modes,while some significant results emerged with respect to their culture,incomes,courses and their initiatives,conceptions and knowledge in the drug use.Conclusion:In order to improve the compliance of patients, clinical pharmacists could do jobs in many ways by means of combinative measures.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the measures to improve the patients’compliance.METHODS:An investigation was carried out in136patients in a given hospital in Wuhan in the way of questionnaire and interview.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in compliance among the patients with different sex,age,education background and income,but there we_ re significant differences among the patients with different initiatives,conceptions,habits,and knowledge of drug use.CONCL_ USION:It is suggested that IMB model should be adopted to improve patients’compliance in the respect of external informa-tion,internal motivation,and behavioral skills.